Fatty
acid imbalances are commonly seen in patients with chronic inflammatory
conditions such as arthritis. While there can be many causes of
inflammation, the final common mediators of cellular inflammation
and cellular invasion are always chemical. These chemotactic mediators
include cytokines, leukotrienes, and eicosanoids, whose production
is greatly impacted by levels of fatty acids in the body.
Examination of patients with cartilage degradation in osteoarthritis
has linked increased severity of lesions with a higher proportion
of arachidonic acid, an omega-6 fatty acid which shifts production
toward more inflammatory prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and thromboxanes.1 In
fact, two of these local hormones, prostaglandins
E2 and leukotriene B4, are considered
the primary mediators of inflammation
in arthritis, modulated not only by fatty
acid balance but by other factors such
as treatment with mud pack therapy or
consumption of ginger.2-4
Changes in the Western diet during this
Century have resulted in increasing consumption
of omega-6 oils, including arachidonic
acid, with decreasing consumption of
omega-3 oils. The net result of this
dietary change has been a dramatic imbalance
in fatty acid metabolism--causing a shift
in production toward more pro-inflammatory
eicosanoid hormones. These arachidonic
acid metabolites play an integral role
in the pathophysiology of osteoarthritis.5
The Essential and Metabolic Fatty Acids
Analysis can identify high levels ofarchidonic
acid and other fatty acid imbalances
promoting a heightened inflammatory response
in arthritis, atherosclerosis, eczema,
irritable bowel disease, and many other
disorders.
References
1 Lippiello L, Walsh T, Fienhold M. The
association of lipid abnormalities with
tissue pathology in human osteoarthritic
articular cartilage. Metabolism 1991;40(6):571-6.
2 Bellometti S, Cecchettin M, Galzigna
L. Mud pack therpay in osteoarthrosis.
Changes in levels of chondrocyte markers.
Clin Chim Acta
1997;10(268(1-2):101-6.
3 Srivastava KC, Mustafa T. Ginger (Zingiber
officinale) in rheumatism and musculoskeletal
disorders. Med Hypotheses 1992;39(4):342-8.
4 Bellometti S, Galzigna L. Serum levels
of
prostaglandin and leukotriene after thermal
mud pack therapy. J Invest Med 1998;46(4):140-5.
5 Dijkgraaf LC, de Bont LG, Boering G,
Liem RS. The structure, biochemistry,
and metabolism of
osteoarthritic cartilage: a review of
the literature. J Oral Maxillofac Surg
1995;53(10):1182-92.
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